Fine points of compressor surge control control global. Antisurge control ccc compressor controls corporation. Key topics covered in the course include compressor performance and selection, instrumentation and control, surge protection and compressor operation. Later s5 duplex control system of ccc company is adopted in the reconstructed control system, which rebuilds the. Anti surge control free download as powerpoint presentation. As briefly explained above, to avoid the surge phenomenon, there are an anti surge control system that analyze the compressor operating point and modulate the anti surge control valve as necessary before designing the anti surge control valve, the compressor manufacturer usually has some anti surge system study with some set of process. Pdf surge control and dynamic behavior for centrifugal. Download limit exceeded you have exceeded your daily download allowance. Cmsi prepares the learner to continue through the next six courses in our initial fundamental core class group, as we dig deeper into the theories of advanced antisurge. However, there are additional requirements that must be met for an antisurge control package to be effective.
A new approach to designing centrifugal compressor surge. Application overview compressor antisurge protection is vital for all centrifugal and axial compressors. Xmbv, with qtrim metso automation piston actuator full bore, metal or soft seated ball valve ansi 150 or 300, din pn 1040 flanged construction carbon steel or stainless steel body stainless steel trim, with pressure reducing qtrim. If the operating point of the compressor decreases to flow values less than those defined by the backup line, traditional pi control is enhanced by the closed loop step logic control function to facilitate rapid opening of the surge valve. Oftentimes performance control and antisurge control can have conflicting control objectives and since both manipulate the compressors operating point, the interaction can result in an unstable process, and poor operational efficiencies. In order to understand how an antisurge compressor housing works which is technically a ported shroud, you need understand what surge is, in the first place. Pls to send animated presentation on compressor surge. The anti surge controller imaginary operation protection line is surge control line. Pdf model predictive antisurge control of centrifugal. The pid loop generates a control signal for controlling the opening of the antisurge valve.
The purpose of an antisurge control is to keep the compressor from going into surge on reduced flow. Fine points of compressor surge control compressor damage and costly production outages can be prevented by attention to surge curves, control strategies and valve response. Moreover, it is shown in comparison with a conventional antisurge control strategy that increasing the energy efficiency of the compression process is possible and that the electrical drive torque supports the recycle valve action ensuring a safer operation of. Opening the recycle valve lowers the resistance felt by the compressor. Figure 1 shows a typical antisurge control schematic. Effect of antisurge valve and bypass flow control mechanism on the performance indian j. We implement multiple constraints in most projects.
Procidia control solutions compressor surge control. Centrifugal compressor surge, modeling and identification. It is a phenomena accompanied by centrifugal compressors having continuous flow rate, gas path inside compressor flows having an acceptable value of eddies. The transients can occur during startup, normal operations, emergency shutdown esd, or fast stop. Department of engineering cybernetics, ntnu, n7491 trondheim, norway abb corporate research, bergerveien 12, n75 billingstad, norway abstract a novel aproach to active surge control is presented.
Compressor anti surge control for a gas turbine engine q filed feb. Compressor surge has been discussed often on the forum with many posts dedicated to the subject. Anti surge control valve gas compressor free 30day. Training lectures on industrial control systems and important applications.
Active surge control of centrifugal compressors using drive torque jan tommy gravdahl. All software provided asis with no warranty, expressed or implied, available. The em451 module is equipped with the antisurge protection for a singlebody recycle loop compressor and integral recycle transfer control. Process control ccc compressor controls corporation. Drag compressor recycle antisurge valve imi critical. Section 3 description of surge 31 surge versus stall surge is a dynamic instability that occurs in dynamic compressors. Surge control in centrifugal compressors aong website. Selector control yss proprietary algorithm the controlled object can be automatically switched over between two different factors, namely, flow rate and pressure. Dot lined cooler dwg is requested by anti surge system and solid line coolers is requested by compressorprocess itself. Compression antisurge 27220301 en application report 811 3 features of the valve valve type. Ms excel spreadsheet attachment to accompany the blog entry. A compressor surge control system linkedin slideshare.
The result is a complete severe service valve solution designed to maximize the reliability, efficiency, and control of your compressor recycle system. Analyzing and presenting new ideas for antisurge control. A compressor is an important device in every kind of factory that is used to compress air, oxygen, hydrogen, and other source gases and process gases. From design and field testing, to integrated manufacturing and internal quality control systems, altronic instruments and controls are engineered and constructed. Compressor loadsharing control and surge detection techniques wayne jacobson global technology manager.
Compressor surge prevention control implemented on yokogawa. Pdf anti surge control of centrifugal compressor at pt. Safemanual recycle valve control, selfrecalibration in response to surge events and purgerunuprundown sequencing coordination. This is the first of a threepart series by the author. A surge limit line is positioned in the stable operating region and displaced to the right by the safety margin. This article explains surge phenomena and discusses why the antisurge protection system is a very important part of a compressor surge. Anti surge compressor housing performance modifications.
As briefly explained above, to avoid the surge phenomenon, there are an anti surge control system that analyze the compressor operating point and modulate the anti surge control valve as necessary before designing the anti surge control valve, the compressor manufacturer usually has some anti surge system study with some set of process data required to design. The control performance of a linearized mpcbased antisurge controller is compared to that of a traditional antisurge control approach with controlled discharge pressure and controlled distance. This requires a fast, stable response to its openloop step. Anti surge control system for centrifugal compressors part 5. The instability is characterized by large limit cycle oscillations in compressor. This paper mainly describes the reasons for compressor surge and damage, and provide the traditional control method, which can not meet the growing needs, the improved control method, which according to the data using least squares curve to determine surge control regression equation and make the compressor operate safely by using the fuzzy pid control. Fast 50 ms control period programmable mode enables followup of sudden process changes, and ensures smooth switching. The series 3 plus antisurge controller is the ideal candidate for that job. The anti surge system has to control the operating op point on the right of scl. Centrifugal and axial compressors cannot be allowed to operate in the surge area, see figure 1. Compressor anti surge control for a gas turbine engine filed feb. The improvement of antisurge control on air separation. Antisurge control system is basically to protect the for example boost compressor. Process waste gas is fed to the expander by backpressure control.
Anti surge controller working principle instrumentation. An effective anti surge control system will generally be able to operate with a surge margin of 10% of the surge line flow. We have an antisurge pid for low suction pressure that will open the recycle valve via signal selection. The imi cci antisurge valve minimizes lost energy through leakage and lost production which results in significant cost savings.
The perfect way to overcome this surge line would be to have a bypass valve that metered airflow down low in the engines rpm, enough to pass the needed amount. The anti surge controller manipulates anti surge valve to give actions in the recycle lines when a surge. To prevent surge, the compressors controller modulates the antisurge valve for throttling control. Active surge control of centrifugal compressors using. The antisurge controller is one of the most critical turbomachinery control applications that protect a compressor from surge by continuously calculating the distance between the compressors operating point and its surge limit line. Operating in the surge area will result in unstable compressor. The antisurge system consists of a surge controller, an antisurge valve and a variety of additional accessories. Centrifugal and axial compressors are susceptible to surge which can cause catastrophic damage to your turbomachinery train. So the control system must be able to accurately determine. Surge control design for centrifugal compressor systems. Surge control and dynamic behavior for centrifugal gas compressors conference paper pdf available february 2016 with 1,777 reads how we measure reads. But surge problem still exists in the running, which constitutes a serious threat to the safety of the unit, meanwhile wastes a lot of energy. The original control system adopts meh controller and maintains the operation of the unit by continually backflow. Anti surge control of centrifugal compressor at pt.
Surge is an instability exhibited by a centrifugal as flow is reduced below the surge point. In addition to these valves shown on figure 2, the other compressor has an antisurge valve. In such cases, the ys1700 singleloop controller switches smoothly and automatically between flow control and pressure control to prevent surging. The surge detection function should be able to identify each surge cycle. Understanding centrifugal compressor surge and control. Constant speed lines sens or pa rumeter a t compressor pressure ratio fig. Compressor antisurge control system optimization energy. If op is moving leftward toward scl, your algorithm shall open anti surge valve asv. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. When flow element installed at discharge line, discharge flow shall be converted to suction flow by installing pressure transmitter at both lines.
Anti surge control system for centrifugal compressors part. Compression anti surge 27220301 en application report 811 3 features of the valve valve type. Procidia control solutions compressor surge control this application data sheet describes implementing compressor surge control in a siemens 353 controller1. The surge controller takes into account the temperature tt, flow ft and pressure pt upstream of the compressor. Case studies will be used and participants will be encouraged to solve problems for themselves. It can even cause compressor surge since the interaction starts at the surge control line. The only way to prevent surge is to recycle or blowoff a portion of the. Compressor surge prevention control implemented on.
These antisurge systems or surge control systems consist of one or two recycle lines around the compressor, which are equipped with fast acting valves that. Steady state pressure in the piping system after the check valve. The model of moore and greitzer 1986 dominates the recent study on rotating stall and surge control, since it is a low order nonlinear. Botros is a world authority on surge control design and analysis, and has focused his research activities on transient flow problems in complex systems, including centrifugal compressor surge phenomenon, pressure relief system dynamics, transients of twophase stratified.
Triggered by the antisurge controller, the blowoff or by pass valve should open without delay if the operating point exceeds the response line. Compressor surge prevention control implemented on yokogawa stardom. Background during a surge event, the centrifugal compressor system must cope with large flow and pressure transients. The surge line is the leftmost boundary of a compressor map. Thats where the antisurge rings opening is located. Despite all these discussions there was a serious lack of the basic scheme of antisurge control. Evaluation of antisurge control concepts during esd.
The chief protecting agent of a centrifugal compressor is the anti surge linevalve that recycles cold gas from the discharge side cooler back to the suction scrubber to keep the operating point. Smeulers abstract this paper describes the potential of dynamic process simulation for operators and engineering contractors as a tool to analyse and solve operational and frontend engineering issues. Capacity and control for antisurge applications properly sized and engineered antisurge recycle valves and their reliable operation are critical to protect the compressor. Antisurge control provides regulation of compressor parameters to maintain minimum flow through the compressor to avoid stall and surge. Steady state signal to antisurge control valve % ps. The system will also provide smooth control at the surge control line, while also having the additional capacity to step the valve open to prevent compressor surge due to rapid drops in flow caused by upsets in the process. Compressor loadsharing control and surge detection. Compressor antisurge control yokogawa electric corporation.
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